JavaScript, Bind Apply Call Explained

Explain call(), apply(), bind() in JavaScript by some examples.
Answer: In JavaScript, 'call()', 'apply()', and 'bind()' are methods used to control the context ('this') of a function. Here's a detailed explanation of each, with examples:The 'call()' method calls a function with a given 'this' value and arguments provided individually.
Syntax: function.call(thisArg, arg1, arg2, ...)

Example:
function greet(greeting, punctuation) {
console.log(greeting + ", " + this.name + punctuation);
}
const person = { name: "Alice" };
greet.call(person, "Hello", "!");
// Output: Hello, Alice!

In this example, 'greet' is called with 'person' as its 'this' value, and the arguments '"Hello"' and '"!"'.The 'apply()' method calls a function with a given 'this' value, and arguments provided as an array (or an array-like object).
Syntax: function.apply(thisArg, [argsArray])

Example:
function greet(greeting, punctuation) {
console.log(greeting + ", " + this.name + punctuation);
}
const person = { name: "Alice" };
greet.apply(person, ["Hello", "!"]);
// Output: Hello, Alice!

In this example, 'greet' is called with 'person' as its 'this' value, and the arguments are passed as an array '["Hello", "!"]'.The 'bind()' method creates a new function that, when called, has its 'this' value set to the provided value, with a given sequence of arguments preceding any provided when the new function is called.
Syntax:
javascript
function.bind(thisArg, arg1, arg2, ...)

Example:

function greet(greeting, punctuation) {
console.log(greeting + ", " + this.name + punctuation);
}
const person = { name: "Alice" };
const greetAlice = greet.bind(person, "Hello");
greetAlice("!"); // Output: Hello, Alice!

In this example, 'greetAlice' is a new function with 'person' permanently set as its 'this' value and '"Hello"' as its first argument. When 'greetAlice' is called with '"!"', it outputs '"Hello, Alice!"'.- 'call()': Immediately invokes the function with the specified 'this' value and arguments provided individually.
- 'apply()': Immediately invokes the function with the specified 'this' value and arguments provided as an array.
- 'bind()': Returns a new function, permanently setting the 'this' value and optionally presetting arguments.
These methods are particularly useful for ensuring that the correct context ('this' value) is used when calling functions, especially in cases like event handlers, callbacks, and methods extracted from objects.